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冷再生機(jī)租賃:就地冷再生施工技術(shù)的原理及其特點分析
來源：http://www.kqj188.com/ 日期：2025-08-09 發(fā)布人：
就地冷再生屬于道路維修、改造的范疇，它主要解決瀝青路面上基層破損的問題，在常溫下利用冷再生專用設(shè)備對瀝青路面連續(xù)完成冷銑刨、破碎舊路面結(jié)構(gòu)層(包括面層和部分基層)、添加再生材料、常溫拌和和攤鋪等作業(yè)過程，突出成型后的攤鋪層可作為低等級公路的面層和高等級公路的下面層或基層。根據(jù)再生添加劑的不同，主要分為泡沫瀝青就地冷再生技術(shù)、水泥就地冷再生技術(shù)和乳化瀝青就地冷再生技術(shù)，目前水泥就地冷再生機(jī)應(yīng)用較為廣泛。就地冷再生技術(shù)不僅能夠更好地發(fā)揮舊瀝青混合料的“剩余價值”，也促進(jìn)舊路面材料的循環(huán)利用，保護(hù)生態(tài)環(huán)境，減少資源浪費。
On site cold recycling belongs to the category of road maintenance and renovation. It mainly solves the problem of damage to the base layer of asphalt pavement. At room temperature, special cold recycling equipment is used to continuously perform cold milling, crushing of the old pavement structure layer (including the surface layer and some base layers), adding recycled materials, mixing and paving at room temperature on the asphalt pavement. The compacted paving layer can be used as the surface layer of low-grade highways and the lower layer or base layer of high-grade highways. According to the difference of recycling additives, it is mainly divided into foam asphalt in situ cold recycling technology, cement in situ cold recycling technology and emulsified asphalt in situ cold recycling technology. At present, cement in situ cold recycling machine is widely used. On site cold recycling technology can not only fully utilize the "residual value" of old asphalt mixtures, but also promote the recycling of old pavement materials, protect the ecological environment, and reduce resource waste.
就地冷再生技術(shù)主要針對瀝青路面大中修改造中舊路面特殊處理的一種新技術(shù)，主要施工機(jī)具為集破碎與拌和為一體的冷再生機(jī)。冷再生機(jī)的核心是裝有大量專用刀頭的銑刨和拌和轉(zhuǎn)子。轉(zhuǎn)子向上旋轉(zhuǎn)銑刨原路面材料，冷再生機(jī)向前行進(jìn)時，轉(zhuǎn)子轉(zhuǎn)動，同時水通過軟管從再生機(jī)連接的水車中運送過來，并在再生機(jī)的拌和倉中噴灑。水的輸送量通過微處理器控制的泵送系統(tǒng)準(zhǔn)確控制。銑刨轉(zhuǎn)子將水、添加劑（水泥、碎石需事先按計量撒布）和銑刨料充分拌和，并達(dá)到需要的非常佳含水量，從而達(dá)到混合料的非常大壓實度。（圖為基本原理）如遇再生層原級配不良的情況，可在再生前將所有缺少的部分集料撒布在路面上，通過與舊料拌和來改善原路面材料的級配，這一便捷的優(yōu)勢大大提高了施工效率，就地冷再生技術(shù)具有諸多優(yōu)點，概括起來可歸納為以下幾點：
On site cold recycling technology is a new technology mainly aimed at the special treatment of old pavement in the major and medium maintenance and renovation of asphalt pavement. The main construction equipment is a cold recycling machine that integrates crushing and mixing. The core of a cold recycling machine is a milling and mixing rotor equipped with a large number of specialized cutting heads. The rotor rotates upwards to mill the raw road surface material, and when the cold recycling machine moves forward, the rotor rotates. At the same time, water is transported from the water truck connected to the recycling machine through a hose and sprayed in the mixing bin of the recycling machine. The water delivery volume is precisely controlled by a microprocessor controlled pumping system. The milling rotor thoroughly mixes water, additives (cement, crushed stone need to be pre measured and spread), and milling materials to achieve the optimal moisture content required, thereby achieving the maximum compaction degree of the mixture. In case of poor grading of the recycled layer, all missing aggregates can be spread on the road surface before regeneration, and the grading of the raw road material can be improved by mixing with the old material. This convenient advantage greatly improves construction efficiency. The on-site cold recycling technology has many advantages, which can be summarized as follows:
1、成本低由于就地冷再生技術(shù)全部利用了舊路的鋪筑材料，從而減少了道路維修或改造時舊鋪層材料的挖起運輸、廢置和新材料的購置，從而導(dǎo)致成本大幅度下降。采用道路就地冷再生比傳統(tǒng)方式相比，隨著再生層厚度的不同，大概可以降低成本10%-20%，厚度越深，降低成本越多。在高等級路面基層中因原材料的再利用可節(jié)省大量投資，在低等級路面中，因用冷再生工藝可提高路面基層等級而減小面層的投入。
1. The low cost is due to the fact that the on-site cold recycling technology fully utilizes the paving materials of old roads, thereby reducing the excavation, transportation, disposal, and purchase of new materials for old paving materials during road maintenance or renovation, resulting in a significant reduction in costs. Compared with traditional methods, using on-site cold regeneration on roads can reduce costs by approximately 10% -20% depending on the thickness of the regeneration layer. The deeper the thickness, the more cost reduction can be achieved. In high-grade pavement base, the reuse of raw materials can save a lot of investment, while in low-grade pavement, the use of cold recycling technology can improve the pavement base grade and reduce the investment in surface layers.
2、效率高 就地冷再生技術(shù)設(shè)備施工一次性可以完成銑刨、破碎、添加、拌和及攤鋪，從而簡化了施工程序，縮短施工工期。使用就地冷再生設(shè)備，每天施工可完成5000-8000m2的工作量，養(yǎng)生3-5天后可進(jìn)行上基層或面層的施工，對工程總進(jìn)度基本無影響。 此外，冷再生施工的特點是大型機(jī)械，密集施工，將因施工而造成的交通干擾降到了非常低。整個冷再生機(jī)械組合可以處于同一條車道內(nèi)，不影響另一條車道車輛通行，可進(jìn)行開放式施工，非常適用于交通量較大或路寬較窄情況下的道路的施工。
2. Efficient on-site cold recycling technology equipment can complete milling, crushing, adding, mixing, and paving in one go, simplifying the construction process and shortening the construction period. By using on-site cold recycling equipment, a daily construction workload of 5000-8000m2 can be completed. After 3-5 days of curing, the construction of the base or surface layer can be carried out, with little impact on the overall progress of the project. In addition, the characteristics of cold recycling construction are large machinery and intensive construction, which minimizes traffic interference caused by construction. The entire cold recycling machinery assembly can be located in the same lane without affecting the passage of vehicles in another lane, and can be constructed in an open manner, especially suitable for construction on roads with high traffic volume or narrow road width.
3、質(zhì)量好?就地冷再生可以根據(jù)舊路不同鋪筑材料的實際情況進(jìn)行設(shè)計，選擇不同的添加劑和配比，可以保證再生材料的優(yōu)秀品質(zhì)和施工質(zhì)量，形成施工成型厚而均勻的粘結(jié)層，從而保證了維修后道路的使用期限。如2014年江西宜春市G320大中修時采用水泥就地冷再生技術(shù)，經(jīng)5天后取芯，芯樣不但完整而且再生層與原基層粘結(jié)完好成為一整體。
3. Good quality? On site cold recycling can be designed according to the actual situation of different paving materials on old roads, selecting different additives and ratios to ensure the excellent quality and construction quality of recycled materials, forming a thick and uniform bonding layer during construction, thereby ensuring the service life of the repaired road. In 2014, during the G320 major maintenance in Yichun City, Jiangxi Province, cement in-situ cold recycling technology was used. After 5 days of core sampling, the core sample was not only intact but also the recycled layer was well bonded to the original base layer, forming a whole.
4、污染少 使用傳統(tǒng)的道路維修方法，瀝青路面廢棄量十分巨大，對環(huán)境造成污染，大量新材料的開采，也會造成資源減少和環(huán)境的破壞，而且廢氣量和能耗也是巨大的。采用冷再生技術(shù)則可完全避免上述問題。它不僅可以節(jié)約大量投資，更有利于環(huán)境保護(hù)，因此被人們稱之為“綠色”施工技術(shù)。冷再生工藝以其傳統(tǒng)工藝無法比擬的優(yōu)越性，并得到廣泛應(yīng)用，也是道路保養(yǎng)及大修的優(yōu)選工藝。
4. Traditional road maintenance methods are used to reduce pollution, and the amount of asphalt pavement waste is enormous, causing environmental pollution. The extraction of a large amount of new materials can also lead to resource depletion and environmental damage, and the amount of exhaust gas and energy consumption is also enormous. The use of cold regeneration technology can completely avoid the above-mentioned problems. It not only saves a lot of investment, but also benefits environmental protection, so it is called "green" construction technology. The cold recycling process has unparalleled advantages over traditional processes and has been widely used, making it the preferred process for road maintenance and major repairs.
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