一、基礎(chǔ)定義與核心概念

　　1、 Basic Definition and Core Concepts

　　冷再生拌合機(jī)是道路工程、地基處理領(lǐng)域的核心施工機(jī)械，無需加熱，直接在常溫下將舊路面材料、原位土壤、建筑垃圾等破碎、篩分，同時(shí)與水泥、土壤固化劑、水、外加劑等均勻拌合，形成符合工程強(qiáng)度要求的再生混合料，用于道路基層、底基層、軟基回填、邊坡加固等場(chǎng)景，是固廢資源化、綠色施工的關(guān)鍵設(shè)備。

　　Cold recycling mixer is a core construction machinery in the fields of road engineering and foundation treatment. It does not require heating and directly crushes and screens old pavement materials, in-situ soil, construction waste, etc. at room temperature. At the same time, it is uniformly mixed with cement, soil solidifier, water, additives, etc. to form a recycled mixture that meets the strength requirements of the project. It is used in road base, sub base, soft foundation backfilling, slope reinforcement and other scenarios. It is a key equipment for solid waste resource utilization and green construction.

　　二、核心分類（按作業(yè)方式/結(jié)構(gòu)）

　　2、 Core classification (by assignment method/structure)

　?。ㄒ唬┌醋鳂I(yè)形式

　?。?） According to the form of homework

　　1. 移動(dòng)式冷再生拌合機(jī)：自帶行走裝置（輪式/履帶式），靈活轉(zhuǎn)場(chǎng)，適合道路沿線、零散工地、中小型工程原位再生作業(yè)；

　　1. Mobile cold recycling mixer: equipped with a walking device (wheel/track type), flexible transition, suitable for in-situ recycling operations along roads, scattered construction sites, and small and medium-sized projects;

　　2. 固定式冷再生拌合機(jī)：固定安裝于拌合站，批量生產(chǎn)再生混合料，適合大型工程、集中供料場(chǎng)景。

　　2. Fixed cold recycling mixer: fixedly installed at the mixing station, capable of mass production of recycled mixtures, suitable for large-scale engineering and centralized feeding scenarios.

　?。ǘ┌唇Y(jié)構(gòu)與功能

　?。?） According to structure and function

　　1. 路面冷再生拌合機(jī)：專用舊瀝青路面再生，配備銑刨、拌合雙功能，直接在路面原位作業(yè)；

　　1. Road surface cold recycling mixer: specialized for regenerating old asphalt road surfaces, equipped with dual functions of milling and mixing, directly operating in situ on the road surface;

　　2. 土壤/穩(wěn)定土冷再生拌合機(jī)：適配土壤、固化土、灰土拌合，兼容土壤固化劑等新型材料，多用于路基、地基處理；

　　2. Soil/Stable Soil Cold Recycling Mixing Machine: Suitable for mixing soil, solidified soil, and lime soil, compatible with new materials such as soil solidifiers, and commonly used for roadbed and foundation treatment;

　　3. 建筑垃圾再生拌合機(jī)：針對(duì)建筑垃圾破碎后再生利用，強(qiáng)化破碎、除雜功能。

　　3. Construction waste recycling mixer: aimed at the recycling and reuse of broken construction waste, it strengthens the functions of crushing and impurity removal.

　?。ㄈ┌葱凶叻绞?/p>

　?。?） By walking mode

　　1. 輪式冷再生拌合機(jī)：轉(zhuǎn)場(chǎng)速度快，適合公路、市政道路遠(yuǎn)距離作業(yè)；

　　1. Wheel type cold recycling mixer: fast transition speed, suitable for long-distance operations on highways and municipal roads;

　　2. 履帶式冷再生拌合機(jī)：接地比壓低，適合泥濘工地、軟基場(chǎng)地、邊坡等復(fù)雜地形。

　　2. Crawler type cold recycling mixer: With a low grounding ratio, it is suitable for complex terrains such as muddy construction sites, soft foundation sites, and slopes.

　　三、核心結(jié)構(gòu)組成（全部件解析）

　　3、 Core structure composition (analysis of all components)

　　1. 動(dòng)力系統(tǒng)：柴油發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)（主流132-260kW），提供整機(jī)動(dòng)力，保障連續(xù)作業(yè)；

　　1. Power system: Diesel engine (mainstream 132-260kW), providing overall power and ensuring continuous operation;

　　2. 行走系統(tǒng)：輪式（輪胎+驅(qū)動(dòng)橋）/履帶式（履帶+驅(qū)動(dòng)輪），實(shí)現(xiàn)移動(dòng)與作業(yè)定位；

　　2. Walking system: wheeled (tire+drive axle)/tracked (track+drive wheel), achieving movement and job positioning;

　　3. 拌合轉(zhuǎn)子系統(tǒng)：核心工作部件，含拌合刀、刀座、轉(zhuǎn)子軸，負(fù)責(zé)物料破碎、攪拌，刀頭耐磨材質(zhì)（合金），適配不同硬度物料；

　　3. Mixing rotor system: The core working components include the mixing blade, blade holder, and rotor shaft, responsible for material crushing and mixing. The blade head is made of wear-resistant material (alloy) and is compatible with materials of different hardness;

　　4. 物料供給系統(tǒng)：粉料倉（水泥、固化劑）、水箱、外加劑箱，合理計(jì)量輸送拌合輔料；

　　4. Material supply system: powder silo (cement, curing agent), water tank, admixture tank, precise metering and conveying of mixing materials;

　　5. 破碎篩分系統(tǒng)：內(nèi)置破碎齒、篩分網(wǎng)，將大塊物料破碎至合格粒徑，去除雜質(zhì)；

　　5. Crushing and screening system: Built in crushing teeth and screening mesh, crushing large materials to qualified particle size and removing impurities;

　　6. 控制系統(tǒng)：電控操作臺(tái)，實(shí)現(xiàn)轉(zhuǎn)速調(diào)節(jié)、輔料計(jì)量、行走速度控制，部分帶智能數(shù)顯、數(shù)據(jù)記錄；

　　6. Control system: Electronic control console, realizing speed adjustment, auxiliary material measurement, walking speed control, some with intelligent digital display and data recording;

　　7. 傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng)：液壓傳動(dòng)/機(jī)械傳動(dòng)，傳遞動(dòng)力，保障轉(zhuǎn)子、行走協(xié)同作業(yè)；

　　7. Transmission system: hydraulic transmission/mechanical transmission, transmitting power to ensure the coordinated operation of rotor and walking;

　　8. 輔助系統(tǒng)：散熱、除塵、照明，適配長(zhǎng)時(shí)間作業(yè)與環(huán)保要求。

　　8. Auxiliary system: heat dissipation, dust removal, lighting, suitable for long-term operation and environmental protection requirements.

　　四、核心工作原理

　　4、 Core working principle

　　1. 原位作業(yè)：設(shè)備行走至作業(yè)面，轉(zhuǎn)子高速旋轉(zhuǎn)，破碎舊路面/原位土壤；

　　1. In situ operation: The equipment travels to the working surface, the rotor rotates at high speed, and the old road surface/in-situ soil is broken;

　　2. 輔料輸送：動(dòng)力驅(qū)動(dòng)粉料、水、固化劑按預(yù)設(shè)配比合理輸送至拌合區(qū)；

　　2. Auxiliary material transportation: Power driven powder, water, and curing agent are accurately transported to the mixing area according to the preset ratio;

　　3. 均勻拌合：轉(zhuǎn)子攪拌將破碎物料與輔料充分混合，形成均勻再生混合料；

　　3. Uniform mixing: The rotor mixer thoroughly mixes the crushed material with the auxiliary material to form a uniform regenerated mixture;

　　4. 成型攤鋪：拌合后物料直接攤鋪于作業(yè)面，后續(xù)經(jīng)壓實(shí)、養(yǎng)護(hù)達(dá)標(biāo)。

　　4. Forming paving: After mixing, the materials are directly spread on the working surface, and then compacted and cured to meet the standards.

　　五、關(guān)鍵技術(shù)參數(shù)（工程實(shí)用指標(biāo)）

　　5、 Key technical parameters (engineering practical indicators)

　　1. 拌合深度：路面再生10-30cm，土壤固化/軟基處理可達(dá)50cm；

　　1. Mixing depth: Road regeneration 10-30cm, soil solidification/soft foundation treatment can reach 50cm;

　　2. 拌合寬度：2.0-2.5m（主流機(jī)型），適配道路標(biāo)準(zhǔn)寬度；

　　2. Mixing width: 2.0-2.5m (mainstream models), suitable for road standard width;

　　3. 生產(chǎn)效率：100-300t/h，履帶式機(jī)型適配復(fù)雜地形效率略低；

　　3. Production efficiency: 100-300t/h, the efficiency of crawler models adapted to complex terrain is slightly lower;

　　4. 發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)功率：132kW（小型）、162kW（中型）、220kW+（大型重載）；

　　4. Engine power: 132kW (small), 162kW (medium), 220kW+(large heavy-duty);

　　5. 行走速度：作業(yè)速度0.5-3km/h，轉(zhuǎn)場(chǎng)速度10-30km/h（輪式）；

　　5. Walking speed: Operating speed of 0.5-3km/h, transition speed of 10-30km/h (wheeled);

　　6. 計(jì)量精度：粉料±1%、水量±0.5%，保障混合料配比合理；

　　6. Measurement accuracy: ± 1% for powder and ± 0.5% for water, ensuring accurate mixing ratio of the mixture;

　　7. 整機(jī)重量：15-35t，輪式偏輕、履帶式偏重。

　　7. Overall weight: 15-35t, with light wheels and heavy tracks.

　　六、施工工藝流程（標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化作業(yè)）

　　6、 Construction process flow (standardized operation)

　　1. 施工準(zhǔn)備：清理作業(yè)面雜物，檢測(cè)原土/舊路面含水率、粒徑，設(shè)計(jì)固化劑/水泥配比；

　　1. Construction preparation: Clean up debris on the work surface, check the moisture content and particle size of the original soil/old road surface, and design the ratio of curing agent/cement;

　　2. 設(shè)備調(diào)試：檢查發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)、轉(zhuǎn)子、計(jì)量系統(tǒng)，預(yù)設(shè)配比、拌合深度、行走速度；

　　2. Equipment debugging: Check the engine, rotor, and metering system, preset the mixing ratio, mixing depth, and walking speed;

　　3. 原位破碎拌合：設(shè)備勻速前進(jìn)，轉(zhuǎn)子破碎物料，同步輸送輔料，均勻拌合；

　　3. In situ crushing and mixing: The equipment moves at a constant speed, the rotor crushes the material, synchronously transports the auxiliary materials, and mixes evenly;

　　4. 混合料檢測(cè)：現(xiàn)場(chǎng)取樣，檢測(cè)含水率、拌合均勻度，微調(diào)設(shè)備參數(shù)；

　　4. Mixture testing: on-site sampling, testing moisture content, mixing uniformity, and fine-tuning equipment parameters;

　　5. 攤鋪整平：拌合后物料自然攤鋪，人工/平地機(jī)整平至設(shè)計(jì)標(biāo)高；

　　5. Paving and leveling: After mixing, the materials are naturally spread and leveled manually/with a grader to the design elevation;

　　6. 壓實(shí)作業(yè)：用壓路機(jī)分層壓實(shí)，保障壓實(shí)度符合設(shè)計(jì)要求；

　　6. Compaction operation: Use a roller to compact in layers, ensuring that the compaction degree meets the design requirements;

　　7. 養(yǎng)護(hù)成型：常溫養(yǎng)護(hù)3-7天，檢測(cè)強(qiáng)度、壓實(shí)度，合格后進(jìn)入下道工序。

　　7. Maintenance molding: Maintain at room temperature for 3-7 days, test strength and compaction, and enter the next process after passing the inspection.

　　七、適配材料與應(yīng)用場(chǎng)景

　　7、 Suitable materials and application scenarios

　?。ㄒ唬┻m配拌合材料

　　（1） Suitable for mixing materials

　　1. 原位土壤：黏土、砂土、粉質(zhì)土等各類路基土；

　　1. In situ soil: various types of roadbed soils such as clay, sandy soil, and silty soil;

　　2. 再生材料：舊瀝青路面、舊水泥混凝土、建筑垃圾、尾礦、粉煤灰；

　　2. Recycled materials: old asphalt pavement, old cement concrete, construction waste, tailings, fly ash;

　　3. 膠凝材料：水泥、石灰、土壤固化劑（核心適配）、礦粉；

　　3. Cementitious materials: cement, lime, soil stabilizer (core compatibility), mineral powder;

　　4. 輔料：水、早強(qiáng)劑、緩凝劑等外加劑。

　　4. Auxiliary materials: water, early strength agent, retarder and other additives.

　　（二）核心應(yīng)用場(chǎng)景

　?。?） Core application scenarios

　　1. 道路工程：舊路改造基層再生、新建道路路基拌合、市政道路基層施工；

　　1. Road engineering: regeneration of old road base, mixing of new road subgrade, and construction of municipal road base;

　　2. 地基處理：軟土地基固化、基坑回填、場(chǎng)地平整加固；

　　2. Foundation treatment: solidification of soft soil foundation, backfilling of foundation pit, site leveling and reinforcement;

　　3. 固廢利用：建筑垃圾、工業(yè)尾礦資源化處理，綠色環(huán)保施工；

　　3. Solid waste utilization: Resource utilization of construction waste and industrial tailings, green and environmentally friendly construction;

　　4. 邊坡工程：邊坡固化拌合，提升邊坡穩(wěn)定性，防止水土流失。

　　4. Slope engineering: slope solidification and mixing to enhance slope stability and prevent soil erosion.

　　八、性能優(yōu)勢(shì)（工程核心價(jià)值）

　　8、 Performance advantage (core value of engineering)

　　1. 綠色環(huán)保：常溫作業(yè)無廢氣排放，固廢循環(huán)利用，減少新材料消耗；

　　1. Green and environmentally friendly: no exhaust gas emissions during normal temperature operations, solid waste recycling, and reduced consumption of new materials;

　　2. 出色經(jīng)濟(jì)：原位作業(yè)無需轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)物料，縮短工期，降低運(yùn)輸成本；

　　2. Efficient and economical: In situ operations do not require material transfer, shorten the construction period, and reduce transportation costs;

　　3. 配比合理：智能計(jì)量系統(tǒng)，保障混合料強(qiáng)度穩(wěn)定，適配土壤固化劑等新型材料；

　　3. Accurate proportioning: Intelligent metering system ensures stable strength of the mixture and adapts to new materials such as soil solidifier;

　　4. 適應(yīng)性強(qiáng)：履帶式適配泥濘、軟基復(fù)雜地形，輪式轉(zhuǎn)場(chǎng)靈活；

　　4. Strong adaptability: The track type is suitable for muddy and soft terrain, and the wheeled transition is flexible;

　　5. 強(qiáng)度可控：通過調(diào)整固化劑、水泥配比，滿足不同工程強(qiáng)度要求。

　　5. Controllable strength: By adjusting the ratio of curing agent and cement, different engineering strength requirements can be met.

　　九、日常維護(hù)與保養(yǎng)

　　9、 Daily maintenance and upkeep

　　1. 作業(yè)前：檢查發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)機(jī)油、冷卻液，緊固轉(zhuǎn)子刀頭、傳動(dòng)部件，清理料倉雜質(zhì)；

　　1. Before homework: Check the engine oil and coolant, tighten the rotor blade and transmission components, and clean the impurities in the silo;

　　2. 作業(yè)中：監(jiān)控發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)溫度、轉(zhuǎn)子轉(zhuǎn)速，及時(shí)清理堵塞物料，避免過載；

　　2. During homework: Monitor engine temperature and rotor speed, promptly clean up blocked materials, and avoid overload;

　　3. 作業(yè)后：清理拌合轉(zhuǎn)子、料倉殘留物料，檢查刀頭磨損情況，更換易損件；

　　3. After homework: Clean the mixing rotor and residual materials in the silo, check the wear of the cutting head, and replace vulnerable parts;

　　4. 定期保養(yǎng)：每50小時(shí)更換機(jī)油、濾芯，每200小時(shí)檢查液壓系統(tǒng)，長(zhǎng)期停用做好防銹、防塵。

　　4. Regular maintenance: Change the oil and filter element every 50 hours, check the hydraulic system every 200 hours, and take measures to prevent rust and dust if it is not used for a long time.

　　十、常見故障與排除

　　10、 Common faults and troubleshooting

　　1. 轉(zhuǎn)子轉(zhuǎn)速不足：檢查發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)動(dòng)力、傳動(dòng)皮帶/液壓系統(tǒng)，調(diào)整張緊度、維修液壓泵；

　　1. Insufficient rotor speed: Check the engine power, transmission belt/hydraulic system, adjust the tension, and repair the hydraulic pump;

　　2. 拌合不均勻：調(diào)整輔料計(jì)量精度，清理轉(zhuǎn)子雜物，檢查刀頭磨損；

　　2. Uneven mixing: Adjust the measurement accuracy of auxiliary materials, clean up rotor debris, and check blade wear;

　　3. 行走無力：檢查行走驅(qū)動(dòng)系統(tǒng)、履帶/輪胎氣壓，維修液壓馬達(dá)；

　　3. Walking weakness: Check the walking drive system, track/tire pressure, and repair the hydraulic motor;

　　4. 計(jì)量不準(zhǔn)：校準(zhǔn)計(jì)量傳感器，清理粉料倉結(jié)塊，檢查輸送泵。

　　4. Inaccurate measurement: Calibrate the measurement sensor, clean the powder silo clumps, and check the conveying pump.

　　十一、主流廠家與機(jī)型參考

　　11、 Mainstream manufacturers and model references

　　1. 國內(nèi)品牌：徐工、三一重工、柳工、山推；

　　1. Domestic brands: XCMG, Sany Heavy Industry, Liugong, Shantui;

　　2. 機(jī)型參考：徐工XL2103（路面冷再生）、山推SR22M（土壤拌合）。

　　2. Model reference: XCMG XL2103 (road cold recycling), Shantui SR22M (soil mixing).